TYPE OF ABORTION
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TYPES OF SPONTANEOUS ABORTION
The terms and definitions in the remainder of this chapter
refer only to clinically recognizable pregnancies.
Threatened Abortion
The term threatened abortion is used when a pregnancy
is complicated by vaginal bleeding before the 20th week.
Pain may not be a prominent feature of threatened
abortion, although a lower abdominal dull ache
sometimes accompanies the bleeding. Vaginal examination
at this stage usually reveals a closed cervix. About one
third of pregnant women have some degree of vaginal
bleeding during the first trimester, and 25% to 50% of
threatened abortions eventually result in loss of the
pregnancy.
Inevitable Abortion
In a case of inevitable abortion, a clinical pregnancy is
complicated by both vaginal bleeding and cramp-like
lower abdominal pain. The cervix is frequently partially
dilated, contributing to the inevitability of the process.
Incomplete Abortion
In addition to vaginal bleeding, cramp-like pain, and
cervical dilation, an incomplete abortion involves the
passage of products of conception, often described by
the woman as looking like pieces of skin or liver.
Complete Abortion
In complete abortion, after passage of all the products of
conception, the uterine contractions and bleeding abate,
the cervix closes, and the uterus is smaller than the
period of amenorrhea would suggest. In addition, the
symptoms of pregnancy are no longer present, and the
pregnancy test becomes negative.
Missed Abortion
The term missed abortion is used when the fetus has died
but is retained in the uterus, usually for more than 6
weeks. Because coagulation problems may develop,
fibrinogen levels should be checked weekly until the fetus
and placenta are expelled (spontaneously) or removed
surgically.
Recurrent Abortion
Three successive spontaneous abortions usually occur
before a patient is considered as a recurrent aborter.
Many clinicians feel that two successive first-trimester
losses or a single second-trimester spontaneous abortion
is justification for an evaluation of a couple for the causes
of the pregnancy losses ....
----------------------------------
TYPES OF SPONTANEOUS ABORTION
The terms and definitions in the remainder of this chapter
refer only to clinically recognizable pregnancies.
Threatened Abortion
The term threatened abortion is used when a pregnancy
is complicated by vaginal bleeding before the 20th week.
Pain may not be a prominent feature of threatened
abortion, although a lower abdominal dull ache
sometimes accompanies the bleeding. Vaginal examination
at this stage usually reveals a closed cervix. About one
third of pregnant women have some degree of vaginal
bleeding during the first trimester, and 25% to 50% of
threatened abortions eventually result in loss of the
pregnancy.
Inevitable Abortion
In a case of inevitable abortion, a clinical pregnancy is
complicated by both vaginal bleeding and cramp-like
lower abdominal pain. The cervix is frequently partially
dilated, contributing to the inevitability of the process.
Incomplete Abortion
In addition to vaginal bleeding, cramp-like pain, and
cervical dilation, an incomplete abortion involves the
passage of products of conception, often described by
the woman as looking like pieces of skin or liver.
Complete Abortion
In complete abortion, after passage of all the products of
conception, the uterine contractions and bleeding abate,
the cervix closes, and the uterus is smaller than the
period of amenorrhea would suggest. In addition, the
symptoms of pregnancy are no longer present, and the
pregnancy test becomes negative.
Missed Abortion
The term missed abortion is used when the fetus has died
but is retained in the uterus, usually for more than 6
weeks. Because coagulation problems may develop,
fibrinogen levels should be checked weekly until the fetus
and placenta are expelled (spontaneously) or removed
surgically.
Recurrent Abortion
Three successive spontaneous abortions usually occur
before a patient is considered as a recurrent aborter.
Many clinicians feel that two successive first-trimester
losses or a single second-trimester spontaneous abortion
is justification for an evaluation of a couple for the causes
of the pregnancy losses ....
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